Predicting Excavation-Induced Tunnel Response by Process-Based Modelling

Table 3

Comparison between measured maximum deflections of retaining wall in case studies and ANN predictions.

Case number	1	2	3
Measurements (mm)	48.30	20.40	23.52
ANN predictions (mm)	47.60	23.35	20.76
Relative error (%)	1.45	14.45	11.72