Anonymous Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme Combining the Group Key for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Table 1

Notations used.

Notation	Description
E	An elliptic curve
G	An additive group based on E
P	A generator of G
p, q	Large prime numbers
s, Ppub	Private key and public key pairs of the system
X, Px	Group key and group public key pairs
h0, h1, h2, h3,h4,h5	Six secure hash functions
IDj	Identity of the RSU
sj, Pj	Private key and public key pairs of the RSU
si, Pi	Private key and public key pairs of the vehicle
RIDi	Real identities of the vehicle
PIDi	Pseudonym of the vehicle
Ti, Tm	Timestamp
sk	Session key between RSU and the vehicle
Mi	Traffic-related message