Spatial Spillover Effect of Government Public Health Spending on Regional Economic Growth during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Evidence from China

Table 7

Direct, indirect, and total effects of SDM with time fixed effects.

Variable	Direct effect	Indirect effect	Total effect
Lnpph	0.0542 (−4.55)	0.2528 (3.28)	0.3070 (1.07)
Lnfi	0.1283 (5.25)	−0.1172 (−2.00)	0.0111 (0.16)
Lnhc	0.8916 (12.58)	0.1470 (2.11)	1.0386 (5.40)
Lnmc	−0.4168 (−6.03)	−0.2194 (−1.28)	−0.6362 (−3.79)
Lnur	0.7760 (10.06)	0.2620 (2.74)	1.0380 (7.29)
Lnrp	−0.1249 (−2.20)	0.3222 (4.46)	0.1973 (2.86)

, , and indicate significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively. The numbers in the coefficient parentheses are the t statistics.