Optimal Setting Method of Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection for the Distribution Networks Based on the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization

Table 5

Protection action time when a two-phase short circuit occurs.

Fault location	Action time of primary protection (s)	Action time of backup protection (s)
B1–B2	1.119	—
B2–B3	1.027	1.539
B3–B4	0.623	1.238
B4–B5	0.326	0.879
B2–B9	0.602	1.411
B9–B10	0.310	0.851
B2–B6	0.656	1.932
B6–B7	0.344	0.909
B6–B8	0.357	0.868
B3–B11	0.832	1.376
B11–B12	0.773	1.271
B12–B13	0.446	0.958
B4–B14	0.359	0.913
B4–B15	0.307	0.826