Optimization and Performance Analysis of Rail-Train Coupling System with Inerters

Table 1

Parameters of the rail system.

Symbol	Parameter	Unit	Nominal value
E	Elastic modulus of rail	N/m^2	2.059 × 10^11
I	Rail cross-sectional inertia	m^4	3.217 × 10^−5
mr	Rail mass per unit length	kg/m	60.64
ms	Sleeper mass (half)	kg	125.5
Kp	Rail pad stiffness	N/m	1.0 × 10^8
Cp	Rail pad damping	N·s/m	7.5 × 10^4
ls	Sleeper spacing	m	0.545
le	Effective support length of half sleeper	m	0.95
lb	Sleeper bottom width	m	0.273
	Ballast density	kg/m^3	1.8 × 10^3
Eb	Elastic modulus of ballast	N/m^2	1.1 × 10^8
Cb	Ballast damping	N·s/m	5.88 × 10^4
	Ballast shear stiffness	N/m	7.84 × 10^7
	Ballast shear damping	N·s/m	8 × 10^4
	Ballast stress distribution angle	(°)	35
hb	Ballast thickness	m	0.35
Ef	Subgrade K30 modulus	MPa/m	1.9 × 10^8
Cf	Subgrade damping	N·s/m	1.0 × 10^5