Prioritize Strategies to Address the Sustainable Supply Chain Innovation Using Multicriteria Decision-Making Methods

Table 1

Summary of the reviewed literature.

Dimension	Criteria	Explanation	Reference
Operational risks	Failure of machinery and equipment	Any breakdown of machinery and equipment causes interruptions and negatively impacts the effectiveness of GSC.	Yang and Li [24]
	Design risks	This index includes mistakes in the design of the green process methodology, such as green materials, operations, and methods.	Yang and Li [24]; Ma et al. [31]
	Lack of skilled workers	This index includes the lack of understanding and knowledge of green methods and activities among workers, which affects the organization’s green supply chain performance.	Yang and Li [24]; Ma et al. [31]
	The level of green technology	This index actually explains managers’ high knowledge and understanding of the applicability of new green technologies in business.	Mangla et al. [5]
Supply risks	Purchase cost risks	Purchase risks include green and environmentally friendly materials that cause costs to the final supplier. It may affect environmental performance.	Yang and Li, [24];
			Qian Lei, [35]
	Loss of key suppliers	Failures affecting key suppliers that may affect GSC’s performance.	Yang and Li, [24];
			Qian Lei, [35]
	Supplier quality issues	It includes issues that may affect the quality performance of the supplier’s GSC from an industrial perspective.	Tang and Li, [42]
			Ma et al., [31];
			Mangla et al., [5]
	Environmentally friendly raw materials	Industries are usually faced with failures and breakdowns of environmentally friendly raw materials.	Mangla et al. [5]
Product return risks	Reverse logistics planner risks	Risks related to logistics network design can affect the effective adoption of GSC activities in business.	Mangla et al. [5]
	Risks related to product returns from customers	The risks of the obligation to return the product for recycling affect the collection procedure and also affect the mechanism of product recycling in GSC.	Mangla et al. [5]
	Risks related to capacity and inventory redesign	Inventory and capacity design risks in recycling centers can affect the complexity of the green recycling system.	Mangla et al. [5]
Financial risks	Risks related to limitations in financial resources	Any issue related to financing can definitely affect GSC’s business goals.	Tang and Li [42]
			Ma et al. [31];
			Mangla et al. [5]
	Risks related to inflation and currency changes	Inflation and changes in prevailing exchange rates may affect the financial concerns and, thus, the effectiveness of the GSC.	Yang and Li [24]
	Risks related to poor financial plans	The inability and lack of financial plans and controls may affect GSC’s performance.	Mangla et al. [5]
Demand risks	The whiplash effect caused by false information about the demand	Information deviation of green demand in GSC is known as the leather whip effect. This issue for the organizational green supply chain will cause problems in demand for green products and, as a result, reduce green performance.	Yang and Li [24];
			Qian Lei [35]
	Market dynamics	Market dynamics are the result of limited resources and common preferences of individuals and have a significant impact on green product demand and green supply chain efficiency.	Mangla et al. [5]; ma et al. [31]
	Loss of key customers	Losing key customers can significantly impact the adoption and effective implementation of green supply chain management.	Yang and Li [24];
			Qian Lei [35]
	Competitive risks	Industries are at significant risk due to huge competition in the market. Competitors’ approaches and strategies related to the green issue can affect the uncertainties of green product demand from an industrial point of view.	Mangla et al. [5]
Organizational and government risks	Failure of management lines	This risk indicates management risks in the failure of management policies in adopting GSC methods.	Mangla et al. [5]
	Risks caused by government policies	Inefficiency or weakness of government laws and policies in terms of environmental protection definitely affects the adoption of GSC from an industrial point of view.	Mangla et al. [5]
	The risk of information asymmetry across the green supply chain	Deviation and disorganization in information flow among GSC members can affect the effectiveness of green supply chain management.	Mangla et al. [5]
	Lack of strategic goals in the organization	It is difficult to successfully implement green supply chain activities without considering the strategic perspective of green supply chain management.	Mangla et al. [5]
	Legal risks	Legal risk is caused by the uncertainty of clauses of laws and contracts or ambiguity in the application or interpretation of contracts, laws, or regulations in the implementation of green supply chain management.	Mangla et al. [5]
	Partnership risks	Disagreements between colleagues and partners lead to GSC dysfunction.	Mangla et al. [5]