Optimal Decisions in the Closed-Loop Supply Chain considering Capacity Constraints and Stochastic Demand under the Cap-and-Trade Regulation

Figure 4

The carbon reduction cost coefficient . (a) The capacity investment of manufacturing in different models. (b) The carbon reduction level in different models. (c) The profit of the supplier in different models. (d) The profit of the manufacturer in different models. (e) The profit of the CLSC in different models.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)