Research Article
Prediction after a Horizon of Predictability: Nonpredictable Points and Partial Multistep Prediction for Chaotic Time Series
Table 1
The Lorenz series: nonpredictable points and error measures.
| Cl/Trj | UPV | NP | | | | | NP (%) | MAPE | RMSE | NP (%) | MAPE | RMSE | NP (%) | MAPE | RMSE | NP (%) | MAPE | RMSE |
| cl | avg | cm | 0 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0 | 0.23 | 0.28 | ap | 15 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 40 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 94 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 99 | 0.28 | 0.28 | en | 36 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 49 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 76 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 81 | 0.26 | 0.32 | wavgd | cm | 0 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.28 | wavgl | cm | 0 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0 | 0.18 | 0.22 | 0 | 0.20 | 0.24 | 0 | 0.24 | 0.29 | wavgc | cm | 0 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.28 | | lr | 15 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 56 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 97 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 100 | — | — | | svm | 15 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 25 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 38 | 0.19 | 0.26 | 40 | 0.23 | 0.29 | | dt | 68 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 65 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 99 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 100 | — | — | | knn | 55 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 53 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 83 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 92 | 0.17 | 0.23 | | mlp | 21 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 39 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 75 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 96 | 0.27 | 0.29 | | adblr | 15 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 54 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 98 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 100 | — | — | | adbsvm | 21 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 41 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 85 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 97 | 0.18 | 0.22 | | lrv | 20 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 33 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 59 | 0.16 | 0.22 | 85 | 0.15 | 0.22 | | lrs | 24 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 33 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 58 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 85 | 0.13 | 0.17 | | rg | 0 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 44 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 69 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 85 | 0.18 | 0.21 | | rgdbscan | 0 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 39 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 58 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 59 | 0.20 | 0.25 | | rgwshrt | 0 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 11 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 14 | 0.23 | 0.29 | 11 | 0.20 | 0.25 |
| trj | avg | cm | 0 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.29 | 100 | — | — | ap | 5 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 27 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 99 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 100 | — | — | trjp | rgdbscan | 0 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 84 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 83 | 0.17 | 0.04 |
|
|
Bold values represent column minimums for ease of identification of the corresponding algorithms.
|