Tongue Tied after Shoulder Surgery: A Case Series and Literature Review

Table 3

Additional case reports of postoperative Tapia’s syndrome.

First Author	Surgery	Position	Airway	Throat Pack	Nitrous Oxide Used	Determined Cause
Ota [19]	Le Fort osteotomy and genioplasty	NA	transnasal ETT	Yes	NA	Intubation and position
Cinar [22]	Rhinoplasty	Semi-recumbent	Oral ETT	Yes	No	Excessive cuff pressure
Poveda [20]	Rhinoplasty	Semi-supine	Oral ETT	Yes	No	Throat pack and positioning
Yavuzer [39]	Septorhinoplasty	Unspecified	Oral ETT	Yes	NA	ETT
Una [40]	Anterior mediastinotomy	NA	Oral ETT fiberoptic intubation	No	NA	ETT
Nalladaru [41]	CABG	Supine	Oral ETT	No	NA	Intubation or positioning
Park [42]	Posterior cervical spine	Concord position	Oral ETT	NA	NA	Positioning
Lykoudis [43]	Rhinoplasty	NA	Oral ETT	Yes	NA	Throat pack
Kashyap [44]	Repair of mandibular fracture	NA	Nasal ETT	NA	NA	Unclear
Lim [45]	Cervical laminoplasty	Prone	Oral ETT	No	No	ETT and positioning
Sotiriou [46]	CABG	Supine	Oral ETT	No	NA	positioning
Bakhshaee [47]	Rhinoplasty	NA	Oral ETT	Yes	Yes	Intubation, ETT, throat pack, controlled hypotension
Varedi [48]	Zygomatic arch repair	NA	Transnasal ETT	Yes	NA	Unclear
Ghorbani [49]	Septorhinoplasty	Supine with head elevated	Oral ETT	Yes	NA	ETT, throat pack, position

= bilateral; NA = not available; IS = interscalene block.