Case Report

Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome Caused by Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in a Pediatric Patient and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Summary of pediatric case reports examining cerebral salt wasting after traumatic brain injury.

Author (years)CaseHead CT–MRITiming to development of CSWTreatmentOutcomes

(1) Chaudhary [13] (2016)17-month-old female: closed head trauma, GCS 10/15Subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, extradural hematoma, and contusion10 daysSaline hydration and fludrocortisone 200 μg/dayImproved
(2) Simsek [14] (2008)6-month-old female: closed head and cervicothoracic trauma8 mm benign congenital subdural collection over frontotemporal lobes1 monthSaline hydrationImproved
(3) Askar [15] (2007)17-year-old male: closed head trauma and multiple injuries to the face, chest, and pelvis due to MVA15 daysSaline hydration and fludrocortisone 300 μg/dayImproved
(4) Steelman [9] (2008)9-year-old male: laceration to the chin and closed head trauma2 daysSaline hydrationImproved
(5) Berkenbosch [10] (2002)15-year-old male: severe closed head injury from cycling accidentRight-sided frontal contusion2 daysSaline hydrationImproved
(6) Berkenbosch [10] (2002)6-year-old male: severe closed head injury1.5 cm left frontoparietal contusion, marked diffuse cerebral edema6 daysSaline hydrationImproved
(7) Donati-Genet [12] (2001)4-year-old male: closed head injury, multiple bone fractures, chest traumaDay 5 CT after seizure: diffuse cerebral edema and small cerebellar hemorrhage5 daysSaline hydrationImproved
(8) Kappy [16] (1996)6-month-old male: MVA with normal initial evaluation. Over next 2 months, vomiting and increasing head circumference2 months postaccident bilateral subdural fluid accumulation2 monthsSaline hydrationImproved
(9) Ganong [11] (1993)5-year-old male: closed head injury due to MVA2 daysSaline hydrationImproved

CSW: cerebral salt wasting; CT: computer tomography; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; MVA: motor vehicle accident.