The First Registered Type 0 Spinal Muscular Atrophy Patient in Latvia: Call for Change in Prenatal Diagnostic Procedures

Table 1

SMA5q types [10, 14, 15].

SMA types	SMN2 copies	Ages of onset	Motor abilities	Prognoses
Type 0	1	Before birth	Very severe hypotonia. The patient cannot reach any motor function milestones.	The baby presents with respiratory insufficiency at birth. Death within a few weeks.
Type 1	2	<6 months	Severe hypotonia. The patient cannot sit or roll.	The symptoms progress rapidly. Most infants die before the age of 2 years.
Type 2	3	6–18 months	Proximal muscle weakness. The patient cannot walk independently.	Patients can have a shortened life expectancy. Frequently live into adulthood.
Type 3	3-4	>18 months	The patient can lose the ability to walk.	Usually life expectancy is not affected.
Type 4	4–8	Adulthood	The patient has a slight motor function impairment.	Life expectancy is not affected.