Bilateral Chylothorax as a Unique Presentation of Pancreaticobiliary or Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer

Table 1

The literature search revealed 14 cases of chylothorax with underlying gastric carcinoma.

Case	Age	Gender	Cancer site	Bilateral	LDH	Triglycerides	Proteins	Cause of thoracic duct blockage
				or unilateral
Segal et al., 1986	69	Male	Gastric carcinoma	Bilateral	69 U/L	237 mg/dL	4.3 g/dL	Metastasis
Bautz et al., 1991	38	Female	Signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach	Bilateral	266 U/L	238 mg/dL^1	3.9 g/dL	Metastasis
Shibata et al., 1998	58	Female	Signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach	Bilateral	133 U/L	673 mg/dL	3.4 g/dL	Metastasis
Mogulkoc et al., 1999	19	Female	Signet ring cell carcinoma (unknown source)	Bilateral	230 U/L	335 mg/dL	2.8 g/dL	Metastasis
Yamada et al., 2001	58	Female	Poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma	Bilateral	190 U/L	115 mg/dL	7.0 g/dL	Metastasis
Watanabe et al., 2004	66	Female	Signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach	Bilateral	76 U/L	1045 mg/dL	3.6g/dL	Metastasis
Miyazaki et al., 2007	64	Male	Poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma	Bilateral	113 U/L left, 118 U/L right	187 mg/dL left, 432 mg/dL right	4.0 g/dL Left, 4.1 g/dL Right	Metastasis
Majoor et al., 2007	64	Male	Gastric carcinoma	Unilateral	122 U/L	38.2 mmol/L	31.4 g/L	Metastasis
Kayacan et al., 2008	28	Female	Signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach	Bilateral	7.22 μkat/L	1.65 mmol/L	33 g/L	Metastasis
Miwa et al., 2009	77	Female	Signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach	Bilateral	239 U/L	263 mg/dL	3.9 g/dL	Metastasis
Yoshizawa et al., 2013	61	Female	Signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach	Bilateral	605 U/L	958 mg/dL	5.8 g/dL	Metastasis
Devaraj et al., 2014	23	Male	Signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach	Bilateral	172 U/L	274 mg/dL	3.4 g/dL	Narrowing of IJV, lymphangitis
Wu et al., 2016	63	Female	Poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma	Bilateral	136.5 U/L	4.43 mmol/L	Not reported^2	Metastasis
Tsuji et al., 2018	58	Male	Poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma	Bilateral	Not Reported	913 mg/dL	Not reported	Metastasis

¹Taken on readmission 3 weeks after initial presentation.
²Not reported, 25.1 g/L albumin reported.