Genetic Evolution of Mycobacterium abscessus Conferring Clarithromycin Resistance during Long-Term Antibiotic Therapy

Table 1

Demographic and clinical features of patients in this study.

Characteristics	Patient 1	Patient 2	Patient 3
Gender	Female	Male	Male
Age (years)	72	49	66
BMI (kg/m^2)	13.4	17.2	21.4
Underlying diseases	Hypertension; bronchiectasis	Tuberculosis; bronchiectasis; drug-induced liver injury	Hypertension; bronchiectasis; diabetes mellitus
Symptoms	Cough; sputum	Cough; sputum; emaciation	Cough; sputum; chest tightness; hemoptysis
Radiographic characteristics	Bilateral involvement; bronchiectasis, multiple thin wall cavities	Bilateral involvement; bronchiectasis; multiple cavities	Bilateral involvement; bronchiectasis; multiple cavities; pleural effusion
Initial AFB positive	Yes	Yes	Yes
Antibiotics used^a	H, Rft, E, Clr, Imi, Lzd, Lfx	Cfz, Rfb, Au, Pa, Cm, M, Clr	H, Rft, E, Clr, Lzd, Ami, Tgc, Lfx
Duration of treatment	7 months	28 months	19 months
Radiological result	No change	Progressed	Progressed
Sputum conversion	Withdrawn	Persistent positive sputum culture with TB and M. abscessus	Relapse after conversion to negative

^aH, isoniazid; Rft, rifapentine; E, ethambutol; Clr, clarithromycin; Lzd, linezolid; Imi, imipenem; Lfx, levofloxacin; Ami, amikacin; Tgc, tigecycline; Rfb, rifabutin; Cfz, clofazimine; Pa, dipasic; M, moxifloxacin; Cm, capreomycin; Au, amoxicillin/clavulanate.