Blood Eosinophil Count as a Predictive Biomarker of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation in a Real-World Setting

Table 3

Univariate and multivariate analysis of the exacerbation risk factor.

	Univariate				Multivariate
	Odds ratio (95% CI)		value		Odds ratio (95% CI)	value
Age	<60	2.54 (0.78–8.24)		0.120	—	—
	60∼70	0.13 (0.01–1.04)		0.055	—	—
	70∼80	0.72 (0.29–1.74)		0.468	—	—
	≥80	2.74 (1.08–6.93)		0.034	—	—
BMI	<18.5	1.27 (0.35–4.59)		0.710	—	—
	18.5∼25	1.10 (0.41–2.95)		0.835	—	—
	≥25	0.70 (0.19–2.47)		0.582	—	—
Smoking history	Pack-year ≥ 50	1.03 (0.43–2.47)		0.952	—	—
%FEV1	≥80%	0.48 (0.13–1.70)		0.259	—	—
	50%∼80%	0.28 (0.10–0.78)		0.016	—	—
	<50%	5.27 (2.11–13.17)		<0.001	5.05 (1.80–14.09)	0.002
%VC	<70%	1.99 (0.68–5.77)		0.203	—	—
	70%∼80%	0.90 (0.25–3.21)		0.877	—	—
	80%∼100%	1.26 (0.52–3.03)		0.602	—	—
	≥100%	0.46 (0.15–1.40)		0.173	—	—
Blood eosinophil	<150 (μL)	0.86 (0.34–2.13)		0.750	—	—
	150∼350 (μL)	0.57 (0.22–1.46)		0.244	—	—
	≥350 (μL)	2.57 (0.98–6.74)		0.054	4.00 (1.33–12.06)	0.014
WBC	≥9000 (μL)	3.61 (1.07–12.14)		0.037	4.43 (1.07–18.26)	0.039
CRP	≥0.3 mg/dl	1.43 (0.57–3.59)		0.439	—	—
Comorbidity	HT	1.12 (0.44–2.87)		0.805	—	—
	DM	1.15 (0.32–4.12)		0.827	—	—
	BA	1.93 (0.67–5.57)		0.227	—	—
	IP	0.52 (0.07–4.04)		0.529	—	—
	HOT	6.49 (2.51–16.76)		<0.001	4.86 (1.63–14.50)	0.005

%FEV1 <50%, blood eosinophil ≥350 (μL), WBC >9000 (μL), and HOT were included in the multivariate analysis. Statistical significance is marked using the bold font. FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; WBC, white blood cell; CRP, C-reactive protein; HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; BA, bronchial asthma; IP, interstitial pneumonia; HOT, home oxygen therapy.