Prognostic Risk Factors of 30-Day Death in Traumatic Lower Limb Fracture Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Table 1

Clinical characteristic of nonsurvival group and survival group in APE patients.

	Nonsurvival group (n = 29)	Survival group (n = 266)	value
Male (n, %)	15 (51.72)	121 (45.49)	0.328
Age (yr) ≥65	23 (79.31)	159 (59.77)	0.029
BMI (kg/m^2)	22.23 ± 1.67	22.07 ± 1.66	0.617
Smoking history (n, %)	8 (27.59)	74 (27.82)	0.586
Drinking history (n, %)	6 (20.69)	50 (18.80)	0.484
Hypertension (n, %)	14 (48.28)	110 (41.36)	0.300
Type 2 diabetes (n, %)	5 (17.24)	39 (14.66)	0.441
Hyperlipidemia (n, %)	9 (31.03)	64 (24.06)	0.268
Hyperuricemia (n, %)	5 (17.24)	31 (11.65)	0.269
Cerebral infarction (n, %)	6 (20.69)	44 (16.54)	0.365
Length of stay (days)	15.17 ± 7.02	16.64 ± 6.12	0.227
Bone surgery operation (n, %)	26 (89.66)	249 (93.61)	0.312
DVT (n, %)	20 (68.97)	204 (76.69)	0.238
sPESI score ≥1 (n, %)	21 (72.41)	69 (25.94)	<0.01
Wells score ≥7 (n, %)	24 (82.76)	99 (37.22)	<0.01
Pulmonary hypertension (n, %)	17 (58.62)	27 (10.15)	<0.01
Anticoagulant therapy after APE diagnosis	20 (68.97)	240 (90.23)	0.003
Low molecular weight heparin (n, %)	16 (55.17)	168 (63.16)
Vitamin K antagonists (n, %)	1 (3.45)	9 (3.38)
Thrombin inhibitors (n, %)	1 (3.45)	24 (9.02)
Coagulation factor Xa inhibitor (n, %)	2 (6.90)	39 (14.66)
Systemic thrombolysis (n, %)	2 (6.89)	10 (3.76)	0.334
Percutaneous catheter directed treatment (n, %)	4 (13.79)	31 (11.65)	0.460
IVC filter implantation (n, %)	8 (27.59)	59 (22.18)
In nonanticoagulant therapy patients (n, %)	4 (44.44)	22 (84.62)	0.030
In anticoagulant therapy patients (n, %)	4 (20.00)	37 (15.42)	0.390
Antiplatelet therapy after APE diagnosis (n, %)	3 (10.34)	15 (5.64)	0.255

APE, acute pulmonary embolism; BMI, body mass index; DVT, deep venous thrombosis; sPESI: simplified pulmonary embolism severity index; IVC: inferior vena cava.