The Impact of Complete Revascularization in Symptomatic Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction between Coronary Artery Bypass Graft and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study patients.

	CABG group	PCI group		value	value
		All patients	CR	CABG vs. All PCI	CABG vs. CR
Number	47	69	42
General demographics
Age (years)	63 ± 9.1	65 ± 10.6	63 ± 9.7	0.285	0.880
Male sex (%)	41 (87.2)	56 (81.2)	31 (73.8)	0.451	0.176
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.9 ± 3.6	24.7 ± 4.5	24.2 ± 3.9	0.817	0.340
Comorbidities
Hypertension (%)	36 (76.6)	45 (65.2)	25 (59.5)	0.221	0.110
Diabetes mellitus (%)	28 (59.6)	46 (66.7)	29 (69.0)	0.440	0.384
PAOD (%)	1 (2.1)	6 (8.7)	2 (4.8)	0.238	0.600
COPD (%)	2 (4.3)	2 (2.9)	1 (2.4)	1.000	1.000
ESRD (%)	10 (21.3)	5 (7.2)	5 (11.9)	0.046	0.270
CKD stage ≥ 3 (%)	27 (57.4)	32 (46.4)	22 (52.4)	0.262	0.674
Smoking (%)	25 (53.2)	34 (49.3)	19 (45.2)	0.709	0.526
Prior PCI history (%)	26 (55.3)	9 (13.0)	5 (11.9)	<0.001	<0.001
Prior MI < 90 days (%)	21 (44.7)	28 (40.6)	20 (47.6)	0.704	0.833
Clinical presentation				0.093	0.750
Acute coronary syndrome (%)	42 (89.4)	53 (76.8)	36 (85.7)
Stable angina/HF (%)	5 (10.6)	16 (23.2)	6 (14.3)
Laboratory examination
Creatinine (exclude ESRD) (mg/dL)	1.71 ± 0.70	1.55 ± 0.32	1.65 ± 0.61	0.596	0.890
New EuroSCORE II	9.2 ± 7.2	3.6 ± 2.0	3.5 ± 1.7	<0.001	<0.001
Coronary complexity
SYNTAX score	40.4 ± 10.5	35.9 ± 8.2	35.4 ± 8.0	0.010	0.014
SYNTAX score >33 (%)	35 (74.5)	41 (59.4)	26 (61.9)	0.113	0.255
Left main (%)	16 (34.0)	19 (27.5)	13 (31.0)	0.538	0.823
MVD				0.818	0.615
2-V-D (%)	9 (19.1)	15 (21.7)	10 (23.8)
3-V-D (%)	38 (80.9)	54 (78.3)	32 (76.2)
CTO (%)	29 (61.7)	42 (60.9)	21 (50.0)	1.000	0.292
Complete revascularization parameter
Pre-BCIS-JS	11.8 ± 0.6	10.6 ± 1.7	10.4 ± 3.0	<0.001	<0.001
Post-BCIS-JS	0.9 ± 0.4	3.1 ± 2.8	1.4 ± 1.3	<0.001	0.064
RI	0.93 ± 0.12	0.71 ± 0.25	0.86 ± 0.13	<0.001	0.019
Requirement of mechanical support before, during, and after (%)	16 (34.0)	25 (36.2)	13 (31.0)	0.845	0.823
ECMO	0 (0)	3 (4.3)	3 (7.1)	0.271	0.101
IABP	16 (34.0)	25 (36.2)	13 (31.0)	0.845	0.823
Medication
ACEI/ARB/ARNi use (%)	32 (71.1)	53 (77.9)	32 (78.0)	0.505	0.621
β-blocker use (%)	28 (62.2)	58 (85.3)	36 (87.8)	0.007	0.007
MRA (%)	23 (51.1)	20 (29.4)	15 (36.6)	0.029	0.198
Furosemide (%)	15 (31.9)	41 (59.4)	21 (50.0)	0.005	0.090
F/U duration (days)	1192 ± 1115	1122 ± 794	1094 ± 891	0.693	0.651

Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or as number (percentage). Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CR, complete revascularization; BMI, body mass index; kg, kilogram; m, meter; PAOD, peripheral arterial occlusive disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; MI, myocardial infarction; HF, heart failure; MVD, multiple vessel disease: CTO, chronic total occlusion; BCIS-JS, British Cardiovascular Intervention Society myocardial jeopardy score; RI, revascularization index (preBCIS-JS-postBCIS-JS)/(preBCIS-JS); ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, IABP, intraaortic balloon pump; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ARNi, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; F/U, follow-up.