Advances in Zebrafish as a Comprehensive Model of Mental Disorders

Figure 1

Prevalence and burden estimates of mental disorders, 1990 to 2019, for 204 countries, to measure the global, regional, and national prevalence of mental disorders, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) [6]. (a) Global DALYs by mental disorder, sex, and age, 2019. Mental disorders ranked from highest to lowest based on total age-standardized ratios in 2019 were anxiety disorders, depression, other mental disorders, idiopathic developmental intellectual disability, attention deficit syndrome, conduct disorder, bipolar disorder, ASD, schizophrenia, and eating disorders. Among mental disorders, depression ranks highest among all age groups except the 0-14 age group, where conduct disorders are the leading cause of burden. The ranking of mental disorders varies by gender and age. (b) Age-standardized DALYs per 100 000 attributable to mental disorders, 2019. The global distribution of DALY for mental disorders by country in 2019 was similar to the trend of the prevalence of mental disorders. The highest DALY rates are found in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, parts of Western Europe (e.g., Greenland, Portugal, Greece, Ireland, Spain), sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Uganda), and North Africa and the Middle East (e.g., Palestine, Lebanon, Iran). The lowest DALY rates were found in Southeast Asia (e.g., Vietnam, Myanmar, Indonesia), East Asia, China, North Korea, high-income Asia Pacific (e.g., Brunei), and Central Asia (e.g., Azerbaijan). Reproduced with permission from [6].

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