Influence of Depression on Pain and Disability in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain after Physical Therapy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 1
Characteristics of study population at baseline stratified by depression.
Characteristic
CLBP with depression ()
CLBP without depression ()
Gender, no. (%)
Male
18 (58.1)
36 (43.9)
1.808
0.209
Female
13 (41.9)
46 (56.1)
Age (year)
31.13 (11.13)
30.91 (11.65)
-0.097
0.923
Height (cm)
169.43 (7.64)
167.44 (8.52)
1.142
0.256
Weight (kg)
66.89 (11.83)
65.01 (13.71)
0.675
0.501
Body mass index (kg/m2)
23.26 (3.65)
22.99 (3.40)
-0.315
0.753
Years with CLBP (year)
6.67 (5.46)
6.78 (6.95)
-0.683
0.495
Siting time (hour)
6.39 (2.85)
6.29 (3.08)
-0.003
0.997
Moderate-intensity physical activities, no. (%)
<150 min
10 (32.3)
27 (32.9)
0.056
0.972
150~300 min
9 (29.0)
22 (26.8)
≥300 min
12 (38.7)
33 (40.2)
High-intensity physical activities, no. (%)
<75 min
12 (38.7)
40 (48.8)
1.461
0.482
75~150 min
10 (32.3)
18 (22.0)
≥150 min
9 (29.0)
24 (29.3)
Smoking, no. (%)
Yes
7 (22.6)
13 (15.9)
0.699
0.417
No
24 (77.4)
69 (84.1)
Medication, no. (%)
Yes
20 (64.5)
62 (75.6)
1.391
0.247
No
11 (35.5)
20 (24.4)
Interventions, no. (%)
Aquatic exercise
13 (41.9)
43 (52.4)
0.993
0.400
Physical modalities
18 (58.1)
39 (47.6)
Abbreviation: CLBP: chronic low back pain. Note: the presence of depressive symptoms is based on the cutoff of the self-rating depression scale. Patients with ≥50 points were divided into the depressed group; otherwise, they were nondepressed group.
