Perturbation Analysis of Population Growth Rates in Taiwan

Table 2

PPMs with the first row and subdiagonal elements (1992–2017).

Year	Age
	0	2–4	5–9	10–14	15–19	20–24	25–29	30–34	35–39	40–44	45–49
1992				0.0205	0.1304	0.2891	0.2662	0.1068	0.0224	0.0028	0.0001
	0.9967	0.9980	0.9986	0.9981	0.9974	0.9970	0.9963	0.9952	0.9932	0.9894
1997				0.0186	0.1155	0.2738	0.2825	0.1320	0.0296	0.0034	0.0001
	0.9970	0.9984	0.9988	0.9982	0.9977	0.9974	0.9967	0.9955	0.9936	0.9906
2002				0.0153	0.0846	0.1922	0.2110	0.1127	0.0278	0.0034	0.0001
	0.9976	0.9987	0.9992	0.9988	0.9982	0.9978	0.9972	0.9961	0.9943	0.9917
2007				0.0068	0.0510	0.1365	0.1819	0.1191	0.0331	0.0038	0.0001
	0.9984	0.9991	0.9994	0.9991	0.9984	0.9979	0.9973	0.9965	0.9949	0.9922
2012				0.0049	0.0360	0.1272	0.2140	0.1686	0.0577	0.0073	0.0001
	0.9986	0.9991	0.9993	0.9992	0.9986	0.9981	0.9975	0.9966	0.9952	0.9927
2017				0.0049	0.0303	0.0967	0.1744	0.1598	0.0673	0.0111	0.0002
	0.9991	0.9995	0.9994	0.9991	0.9988	0.9985	0.9979	0.9970	0.9956	0.9934