Complex Dynamics Analysis of Closed-Loop Supply Chain considering CSR and Fairness Concerns

Table 1

Notations and definitions.

Notation	Definitions
Decision variables
	Eco-innovation effort
	Production quantity
	Recycling ratio
Parameters
	The manufacturer invest in eco-innovation costs
	Unit production cost in the absence of eco-innovation
	Unit production cost, where the parameter measures the sensitivity of production cost to eco-innovation effort
	Selling price
	Unit recovery income in the absence of eco-innovation
	Recycling difficulty, measuring the sensitivity of unit recycling cost to the recycling rate
	Recycling benefit, measuring the unit benefit that manufacturer’s unit eco-innovation effort brings to the recycler
Superscript/subscripts
,	The optimal solutions for different models
,	Profit (utility) for the manufacturer and the recycler