Evolutionary Analysis of Innovation Development in a Metropolitan Area from a Symbiosis Perspective: Empirical Research on the Shanghai Metropolitan Area
Table 4
The descriptive statistics of all indicator data.
Variable
Obs
Mean
Std. Dev
Min
Max
Number of universities
36
32.19
27.67
3
97
Number of high-tech enterprises
36
3940
2723.97
682
12619
Number of scientific research institutions in the city
36
75.33
60.20
3
165
Number of national key laboratories
36
12.72
13.52
0
45
Number of national technology incubators
36
18.42
16.92
0
55
CPI
36
102.64
1.62
98.47
105.78
GDP per capita in the region
36
103028
34146.17
42626
162503
Park green area per capita
36
11.38
2.89
6.97
15
Total number of libraries and museums
36
51.33
43.62
6
128
Number of beds in hospitals and health centers
36
63351.97
43700.35
12484
146454
Number of public books per capita
36
1.67
1.11
0.49
3.43
Total expenditures of local government funds for science and technology
36
1079516
1336677
15911
4263655
Total expenditures of local government funds for education
36
2618144
3172218
88554
9956956
R&D investment of industrial enterprises above designated size
36
2364188
1641542
310289
5906504
Number of R&D personnel in industrial enterprises above designated size
36
111702.41
168922.8
20794
812459
Number of people engaged in research activities in the university
36
18672.39
18615.67
1345
69761
Number of patent applications
36
73735.97
51495.32
5536
173586
Number of patents granted
36
54175.72
76203.02
2984
461109
Number of technology market contract transactions
36
16122.33
9792.05
3708
35928
Value of technology market contracts
36
3193590
3522234
61023
14223539
Number of national-level science and technology awards
36
18.03
23.94
0
58
Total number of scientific and technical papers published
