Seismic Inversion Problem Using a Multioperator Whale Optimization Algorithm

Table 3

Expression of F13–F19 benchmark functions.

Function	Dim	Range	fmin
	2	[−65, 65]	0
	4	[−5, 5]	0.0003
	2	[−5, 5]	−1.0316
	2	[−5, 5]	0.398
	2	[−2, 2]	3
	3	[1, 3]	−3.86
	6	[0, 3]	−3.12

where Dim, Range, and f_min are the dimension, the lower and upper bound, and the minimum value of the function, respectively.