Research Article
How Energy Sector Reacted to COVID-19 Pandemic? Empirical Evidence from an Emerging Market Economy
| APX | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test |
| F-statistic | 1.956852 | Prob. F(2, 111) | 0.1461 | ObsR-squared | 4.086932 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.1296 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 0.871964 | Prob. F(6, 113) | 0.5179 | ObsR-squared | 5.310026 | Prob. Chi-square(6) | 0.5047 | Scaled explained SS | 13.70353 | Prob. Chi-square(6) | 0.0331 |
| BET-NG | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 0.095708 | Prob. F(2, 117) | 0.9088 | ObsR-squared | 0.200903 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.9044 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 2.362356 | Prob. F(3, 119) | 0.0747 | ObsR-squared | 6.91355 | Prob. Chi-square(3) | 0.0747 | Scaled explained SS | 10.20941 | Prob. Chi-square(3) | 0.0169 |
| EEX-B | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 1.43912 | Prob. F(2, 110) | 0.2416 | ObsR-squared | 3.059835 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.2166 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 3.030858 | Prob. F(7, 112) | 0.0059 | ObsR-squared | 19.11122 | Prob. Chi-square(7) | 0.0078 | Scaled explained SS | 36.21409 | Prob. Chi-square(7) | 0 |
| EEX-P | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 3.67646 | Prob. F(2, 109) | 0.0285 | ObsR-squared | 7.583398 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.0226 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 2.361501 | Prob. F(8, 111) | 0.0219 | ObsR-squared | 17.45327 | Prob. Chi-square(8) | 0.0257 | Scaled explained SS | 36.76958 | Prob. Chi-square(8) | 0 |
| EL | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 0.078257 | Prob. F(2, 117) | 0.9248 | ObsR-squared | 0.164321 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.9211 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 1.515814 | Prob. F(3, 119) | 0.214 | ObsR-squared | 4.527293 | Prob. Chi-square(3) | 0.2099 | Scaled explained SS | 8.60173 | Prob. Chi-square(3) | 0.0351 |
| LNGI | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 0.03895 | Prob. F(2, 117) | 0.9618 | ObsR-squared | 0.081841 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.9599 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 0.019132 | Prob. F(3, 119) | 0.9964 | ObsR-squared | 0.059298 | Prob. Chi-square(3) | 0.9962 | Scaled explained SS | 1.165012 | Prob. Chi-square(3) | 0.7614 |
| SNG | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 0.210536 | Prob. F(2, 115) | 0.8105 | ObsR-squared | 0.445074 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.8005 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 4.599008 | Prob. F(4, 117) | 0.0017 | ObsR-squared | 16.57594 | Prob. Chi-square(4) | 0.0023 | Scaled explained SS | 38.89259 | Prob. Chi-square(4) | 0 |
| TEL | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 0.4525 | Prob. F(2, 112) | 0.6372 | ObsR-squared | 0.969886 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.6157 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 0.837925 | Prob. F(6, 114) | 0.5431 | ObsR-squared | 5.110863 | Prob. Chi-square(6) | 0.5297 | Scaled explained SS | 14.91187 | Prob. Chi-square(6) | 0.021 |
| TGN | Breusch–Godfrey serial correlation LM test | F-statistic | 0.246637 | Prob. F(2, 114) | 0.7818 | ObsR-squared | 0.525616 | Prob. Chi-square(2) | 0.7689 | Heteroskedasticity test: Breusch–Pagan-Godfrey | F-statistic | 1.580195 | Prob. F(5, 116) | 0.1711 | ObsR-squared | 7.779751 | Prob. Chi-square(5) | 0.1688 | Scaled explained SS | 10.33263 | Prob. Chi-square(5) | 0.0663 |
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Source: author’s own work. Notes: for the definition of variables, please see Table 2. |