Optimal Decision and Coordination of Fresh E-Commerce Supply Chain Considering Double Loss

Table 1

List of notations.

Notation	Description
	Parameters
c	Unit production cost of the online retailer
	Unit transportation cost of the TPL
s	Unit quantity loss cost of the online retailer
r	Loss rate of quantity without fresh-keeping effort service, i.e., basic quantity loss rate,
	The market scale
b	The sensitivity of the market demand to the retail price, referred to as price sensitivity
	The sensitivity of the market demand to the freshness level, referred to as freshness sensitivity
D	The market demand
	The freshness level before transportation
	The freshness level; reflects the quality loss
	The fresh-keeping cost factor
	The online retailer’s profit
	The TPL’s profit
	The profit of the supply chain
	Decision variables
e	The fresh-keeping effort level,
	The TPL’s logistic service price,
	The retail price,