Research Article

Can Marketization Improve Sustainable Development in Northeastern China? Evidence from the Perspective of Coupling Coordination Degree Model

Table 2

Index system of marketization.

First-grade indexesSecondary indexes (weights)Index definition

Standardization of government conductM1 Government consumption (−0.0754)The proportion of the annual fiscal expenditure of nonmarket profit-making institutions funded by the government to GDP
M2 Size of government (0.1144)The proportion of the number of state workers and staff members in state organs, party and government organs, and public organizations
Liberalization of economic subjectsM3 Investment in nonstate fixed assets (0.115)The proportion of nonstate-owned fixed assets investment in the whole society fixed assets investment
M4 Scale of personnel in nonstate-owned units (0.1281)The proportion of nonstate institutions in cities and towns workers in urban professionals
M5 Output value of nonstate economy and industry (0.1052)The proportion of industrial output value of nonstate economy in total industrial output value
Marketization of key resourcesM6 Labor autonomy in occupational selection (0.1253)The index weighted average of the proportion of individual employment in employment and the proportion of nonagricultural employment in rural employment
M7 Marketization of credit allocation (0.1064)The proportion of nonstate bank loans to total loans
M8 Marketization of technical elements (0.132)The proportion of technical market turnover to technical personnel
Perfection of the market systemM9 Scale of market intermediary personnel (0.118)The proportion of financial insurance to real estate employment
M10 Degree of intellectual property protection (0.1311)The proportion of the number of authorized patents to the number of scientific and technological workers