The Dynamic Effects of the Foreign Economic Shocks on the Korean Port Industry

Figure 4

IRF of the seaborne freight volume based on the alternative aggregation. (a) Foreign real economic shocks. (b) Foreign inflation shocks. (c) Foreign liquidity shocks. (d) Foreign rates shocks. (e) Domestic GDP shocks. (f) Import-export trade volume shocks. Note: the blue line represents the 90% confidence interval. The unit of the vertical line is % (percent).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)