Competition, Survival Issue, and Performance Constraints of Banks: Evidence from Ethiopian Private Commercial Banks

Table 4

Stationary test (unit-root test using Levin–Lin–Chu).

Variable	Statistic
DER	Unadjusted t: −19.2265; Adjusted t: −5.8091	0.0021
CAR	Unadjusted t: −20.5214; Adjusted t: −8.7825	0.0000
Total loan/total assets (TL/TA)	Unadjusted t: −26.0265; Adjusted t: −9.9124	0.0024
Total investment/total asset (TI/TA)	Unadjusted t: −22.4484; Adjusted t: −10.1287	0.0004
Net profit per employees (NP/Em)	Unadjusted t: −26.0028; Adjusted t: −7.1602	0.0000
Total loans per branches (TL/Br)	Unadjusted t: −25.8747; Adjusted t: −5.7825	0.0019
Total income/total assets (Tinc/TA)	Unadjusted t: −18.1589; Adjusted t: −6.1825	0.0041
Interest income/total income (II/Tinc)	Unadjusted t: −16.5214; Adjusted t: −8. 3214	0.0032
Noninterest expense/total expense (NIE/TE)	Unadjusted t: −23.8973; Adjusted t: −8. 6895	0.0000
Total liquid assets/total deposit (TLA/TD)	Unadjusted t: −25.3794; Adjusted t: −6.0749	0.0061
Cash/total deposits (cash/TD)	Unadjusted t: −24.0994; Adjusted t: −7. 2465	0.0009