Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Ferritin Synergistically Associated with the Rate of Chronic Kidney Disease
Table 1
General characteristics of individuals stratified by different levels of GGT.
Men
Women
Quartile 1
Quartile 2
Quartile 3
Quartile 4
Quartile 1
Quartile 2
Quartile 3
Quartile 4
n
94
122
109
111
133
144
162
149
Age, years (S. E.)
43.2 (1.9)
44.6 (1.4)
48.6 (1.3)†
43.7 (1.1)
42.6 (1.4)
42.6 (1.1)
45.8 (1.1)†‡
45.7 (1.0)‡
BMI, kg/m2
20.7 (0.3)
21.4 (0.3)
22.4 (0.3)†‡
24.0 (0.3)†‡§
20.6 (0.2)
21.7 (0.3)†
22.4 (0.3)†‡
24.5 (0.3)†‡§
Drinking, % (n)
46.8 (44)
59.0 (72)
61.5 (67)
71.2 (79)
12.0 (16)
15.3 (22)
13.6 (22)
21.5 (32)
Heavy drinkingb, % (n)
40.4 (38)
47.5 (58)
50.5 (55)
64.0 (71)
8.3 (11)
6.3 (9)
3.7 (6)
13.4 (20)
Diabetes mellitusc, % (n)
7.4 (7)
6.6 (8)
8.3 (9)
12.6 (14)
1.5 (2)
4.2 (6)
4.3 (7)
10.1 (15)
Hypertensiond, % (n)
7.4 (7)
18.0 (22)
28.4 (31)
28.8 (32)
11.3 (15)
11.8 (17)
19.1 (31)
25.5 (38)
TG, mmol/L
1.3 (0.1)
1.2 (0.1)
1.6 (0.1)
2.6 (0.3)†‡§
1.3 (0.1)
1.3 (0.1)
1.5 (0.1)
2.2 (0.1)†‡§
Metabolic syndromee, % (n)
4.3 (4)
5.7 (7)
14.7 (16)
23.4 (26)
8.3 (11)
11.8 (17)
21.0 (34)
42.3 (63)
SF, μmol/L
130.2 (70.9, 166.3)
158.0† (124.3, 253.8)
193.5†‡ (127.6, 288.4)
270.6†‡§ (180.6, 332.1)
43.4 (27.9, 96.8)
49.7 (23.7, 101.6)
81.8†‡ (35.6, 156.3)
104.3†‡§ (56.2, 157.4)
GGT, U/L
13 (10, 14)
21† (17, 29)
36†‡ (29, 48)
105.5†‡§ (65.8, 172.0)
9 (8, 11)
14† (12, 18)
21†‡ (17, 27.5)
50†‡§ (38, 82)
MDA, mmol/L
4.4 (0.2)
4.3 (0.1)
4.4 (0.1)
4.5 (0.1)
3.7 (0.1)
3.7 (0.1)
4.0 (0.1)†‡
4.1 (0.1)†‡
eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2
96.7 (1.8)
91.4 (2.1)
91.5 (2.6)
89.6 (1.5)†
90.0 (1.2)
90.4 (1.3)
86.0 (1.3)†‡
86.2 (1.3)†‡
ACR, mg/g creatinine
10.1 (4.9, 19.7)
10.1 (3.3, 19.8)
11.0 (4.5, 20.7)
9.3 (4.2, 29.3)
10.1 (5.3, 15.5)
10.4 (3.6, 22.5)
11.2 (5.7, 23.4)
14.4†‡ (5.8, 28.3)
† compared with quartile 1; ‡ compared with quartile 2; § compared with quartile 3. compared across all quartiles. bDrinking more than 60 mL of alcohol per day. cDiabetes mellitus was defined according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association (1999). dHypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. eMetabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria of the IDF (2005).
