Serum TNF-α Level Is Associated with Disease Severity in Adult Patients with Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis Nephritis

Table 1

Demographic and clinical features of IgAV-N.

	All patients ()	Low group (TNF- pg/mL, )	High group (TNF- pg/mL, )	value
Age (years)	29 (25-37)	30 (25-36)	28 (21-38)	0.288
Female, no. (%)	36 (67.9%)	24 (68.6%)	12 (66.7%)	1.000
Smoking, no. (%)	1 (1.9%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (5.6%)	0.340
Diabetes, no. (%)	1 (1.9%)	1 (2.9%)	0 (0.0%)	1.000
BMI (kg/m^2)	23.5 (21.0-26.0)	23.4 (21.3-25.8)	24.1 (21.0-26.8)	0.551
Arthralgia, no. (%)	11 (20.8%)	7 (20.0%)	4 (22.2%)	1.000
Gastrointestinal involvement, no. (%)	9 (16.9%)	7 (20.0%)	2 (11.1%)	0.701
MBP (mmHg)	87 (83-96)	87 (83-93)	93 (87-97)	0.090
sCr (μmol/L)	75 (65-94)	72 (63-85)	83 (68-110)	0.049
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	101.1 (76.9-119.2)	101.1 (86.2-118.1)	91.2 (53.0-123.1)	0.388
G1, no. (%)	35 (66.0%)	26 (74.3%)	9 (50.0%)	0.032^#
G2, no. (%)	12 (22.6%)	8 (22.9%)	4 (22.2%)
G3, no. (%)	5 (9.4%)	1 (3.1%)	4 (22.2%)
G4, no. (%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
G5, no. (%)	1 (1.9%)	0(0.0%)	1 (5.6%)
Cys-C (mg/dL)	0.90 (0.77-1.26)	0.87 (0.76-1.09)	1.00 (0.84-1.59)	0.036
Urinary red blood cell (/μL)	53 (30-161)	73 (30-171)	38 (28-83)	0.143
uPCR (mg/g Cr)	540 (236-1001)	446 (211-933)	649 (337-2618)	0.155
PER (g/24 h)	0.66 (0.35-1.38)	0.52 (0.28-1.07)	0.96 (0.47-1.73)	0.128
<1 g/24 h, no. (%)	35 (66.0%)	26 (74.3%)	9 (50.0%)	0.170
1-3 g/24 h, no. (%)	13 (24.5%)	7 (20.0%)	6 (33.3%)
≥3 g/24 h, no. (%)	5 (9.4%)	2 (5.7%)	3 (16.7%)
IgA (g/L)	2.79 (2.07-3.53)	2.97 (2.33-3.89)	2.39 (1.58-2.67)	0.004
Albumin (g/L)	43 (39-46)	44 (41-46)	41 (35-45)	0.059
hsCRP (mg/L)	0.75 (0.40-1.68)	0.70 (0.41-1.62)	1.09 (0.28-2.68)	0.460
Treatment, no. (%)
None	11 (20.8%)	8 (22.9%)	3 (16.7%)	0.730
RASI	31 (58.5%)	22 (62.9%)	9 (50.0%)	1.000
Glucocorticoid	21 (39.6%)	10 (28.6%)	11 (61.1%)	0.037
Imunosuppressants	18 (34.0%)	11 (31.4%)	7 (38.9%)	0.760

IgAV-N: immunoglobulin A vasculitis nephritis; BMI: body mass index; MBP mean blood pressure; sCr: serum creatinine; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, calculated by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation [12], and graded by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes classification [13] ( (G1), 60–89 (G2), 30–59 (G3), 15–29 (G4), and <15 (G5) mL/min/1.73 m²); Cys-C: serum cystatin C; uPCR: urinary protein to serum creatinine ratio; PER: urine protein excretion; hsCRP: hypersensitive C-creative protein; RASI: renin-angiotensin system inhibitors. ^#Because only one patient was at G5, none of the patients was at G4, and only patients of G1~3 were included in statistics.