Clinical Utility of Serum Holotranscobalamin Measurements in Patients with First-Ever Ischemic Stroke

Table 2

Comparison of holotranscobalamin (holoTC), total vitamin B12, homocysteine, glucose markers, lipids levels, and body mass index between stroke patients and healthy controls according to sex.

	Total			Male			Female
	Stroke; ()	Control; ()		Stroke; ()	Control; ()		Stroke; ()	Control; ()
holoTC (pmol/L)	127.2^†; [89–193.5]	167.4; [120.6–225]	<0.01	125.6; [87.25–177.75]	158.1; [113.2–209.8]	<0.01	137.4; [25.8–83.2]	185.8; [131.2–232.5]	0.04
Proportion of , % ()	6.9 (9)	1.4 (1)	<0.01	7.4 (6)	1.1 (1)	0.04	6.1 (3)	0.0 (0)	<0.01
Total vitamin B12 (pg/mL)	521.5; [384–781]	619.5; [451–764]	0.07	487; [377–666]	667; [452.5–812.5]	<0.01	535; [385–787.5]	577.5; [470–684]	0.16
Proportion of total vitamin , % ()	10.0 (13)	0.7 (1)	<0.01	7.4 (6)	1.1 (1)	0.04	14.3 (7)	0.0 (0)	<0.01
holoTC/total vitamin B12 ratio (%)^‡	33.7; [26.6–40.3]	38.3; [31.3–45.7]	<0.01	33.8; [26.4–42.9]	39.2; [32.8–45.9]	0.04	32.9; [27.6–38.3]	35.9; [29.7–45.8]	0.03
Homocysteine (μmol/L)	12.3; [10.2–14.4]	10.2; [8.47–11.8]	<0.01	12.61; [10.4–15.3]	10.9; [8.2–11.7]	<0.01	11.7; [9.7–13.4]	10.3; [8.6–11.9]	0.03
Proportion of , % ()	28.4 (37)	5.1 (7)	<0.01	35.8 (29)	6.8 (6)	<0.01	16.3 (8)	2.0 (1)	0.01
Hemoglobin A1c (%)	5.75; [5.4–6.7]	5.6; [5.4–6.0]	0.01	5.9; [5.5–7.1]	5.6; [5.3–6.1]	<0.01	5.6; [5.2–6.2]	5.7; [5.5–5.8]	0.25
Proportion of , % ()	30.0 (39)	7.2 (10)	<0.01	35.8 (29)	11.4 (10)	<0.01	20.4 (10)	0.0 (0)	<0.01
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	109; [94–145]	104.5; [95–116]	0.01	115; [97.5–154.5]	104.5; [97–115.5]	0.01	101; [89.5–131.5]	104; [91–119]	0.68
Proportion of fasting , % ()	36.2 (47)	14.5 (20)	<0.01	42.0 (34)	14.8 (13)	<0.01	26.5 (13)	14.0 (7)	0.12
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	101; [69–132]	101; [68–132]	0.69	116; [79.5–171.5]	110.5; [73.5–140]	0.52	88; [57.5–118]	85.5; [68–125]	0.85
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	^†		0.13			0.08			0.65
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)			0.05			0.04			0.56
BMI (kg/m^2)			<0.01			<0.01			0.30
Proportion of , % ()	31.5 (41)	26.8 (37)	0.39	35.8 (29)	25.0 (22)	0.13	24.5 (12)	30.0 (15)	0.53

Abbreviations: holoTC: holotranscobalamin; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; BMI: body mass index. Calculated from Mann–Whitney test or independent Student’s -test according to data distribution. ^†Data are displayed as “median [Q1–Q3]” or “” according to their distribution. ^‡Calculated after unifying the units for total vitamin B12 and holotranscobalamin.