Spike Protein Subunits of SARS-CoV-2 Alter Mitochondrial Metabolism in Human Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells: Involvement of Factor Xa

Figure 6

Representative dot blots to identify S1 and S2 spike subunits interacting with mitochondria from HPMEC. Experiments were performed in HPMEC incubated under control condition and in the presence of LPS (1 μg/mL) with recombinant COVID-19 spike S1 and S2 subunits (10 nmol/L, each subunit) (LPS+S1+S2 subunits). The effect of rivaroxaban (50 nmol/L) was also analyzed. Recombinant COVID-19 spike S1 or S2 subunits were, respectively, loaded as positive control (C⁺).