Disease Markers

Research Article

Relationship between Red Blood Cell Indices (MCV, MCH, and MCHC) and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Anemic and Nonanemic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Table 1

Baseline characteristics in total, anemic, and nonanemic patients with acute coronary syndrome.


	Total ()	Anemic group ()	Nonanemic group ()	value

Demographics and risk factors
Age (year)				<0.001
Male	306 (77.9%)	49 (65.3%)	257 (80.8%)	0.004
Body mass index (kg/m²)				0.038
SBP (mmHg)	122.5 (117.3-140.0)	125.0 (115.0-140.0)	120.0 (118.5-140.0)	0.894
DBP (mmHg)	80.0 (70.0-83.8)	74.0 (70.0-80.0)	80.0 (70.0-85.0)	0.002
Smoking	224 (57.0%)	33 (44.0%)	191 (60.1%)	0.011
Diabetes	83 (21.1%)	22 (29.3%)	61 (19.2%)	0.053
Family history	163 (41.5%)	25 (33.3%)	138 (43.4%)	0.112
Past MI	63 (16.0%)	7 (9.3%)	56 (17.6%)	0.079
Past PCI or CABG	82 (20.9%)	19 (25.3%)	63 (19.8%)	0.290
Bleeding events	14 (3.6%)	5 (6.7%)	9 (2.8%)	0.107
Laboratory tests
MCV (fL)	93.1 (90.3-96.3)	93.5 (90.5-98.4)	93.1 (90.3-95.9)	0.149
MCH (pg)	31.1 (30.0-32.3)	30.7 (29.4-32.1)	31.3 (30.2-32.3)	0.028
MCHC (g/L)	334.0 (325.0-342.5)	324.0 (319.0-332.0)	336.0 (328.0-344.0)	<0.001
LVEF (%)	63.0 (51.0-68.0)	63.0 (51.8-70.3)	62.0 (51.0-68.0)	0.434
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	26.4 (18.7-49.0)	27.0 (18.8-54.7)	26.2 (18.7-48.9)	0.725
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)	24.9 (17.1-43.1)	20.3 (14.9-35.3)	27.1 (18.0-46.5)	0.018
Creatinine (μmol/L)	66.4 (57.9-76.1)	65.8 (57.2-76.2)	66.4 (58.2-76.0)	0.893
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.1 (1.7-2.7)	2.0 (1.5-2.5)	2.2 (1.7-2.8)	0.009
CKMB (U/L)	15.0 (11.3-26.6)	14.3 (11.1-27.1)	15.2 (11.4-25.9)	0.532
Homocysteine (μmol/L)	16.1 (12.2-24.6)	16.2 (11.8-29.2)	16.0 (12.2-24.0)	0.756
RBC (10¹²/L)	4.7 (3.7-6.6)	4.1 (3.1-6.6)	4.7 (3.8-6.6)	0.053
Hemoglobin (g/L)				<0.001
HCT (%)				<0.001
RDW-CV (%)	13.2 (12.6-13.7)	13.5 (12.9-14.5)	13.1 (12.6-13.6)	<0.001
hsCRP (mg/dL)	1.4 (0.7-3.6)	1.6 (0.6-3.7)	1.4 (0.7-3.5)	0.844
NT-proBNP (pg/mL)	340.5 (116.0-891.5)	467.0 (171.5-1542.0)	312.3 (112.2-792.1)	0.010
Primary diagnosis at admission
UA	293 (74.6%)	59 (78.7%)	234 (73.6%)
NSTEMI	36 (9.2%)	4 (5.3%)	32 (10.1%)
STEMI	64 (16.3%)	12 (16.0%)	52 (16.4%)
In-hospital treatment
Coronary revascularization	387 (98.5%)	74 (98.7%)	313 (98.4%)	0.879
Number of lesion vessels	3.0 (2.0-3.0)	3.0 (2.0-3.0)	3.0 (2.0-3.0)	0.460
Number of stents	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	0.901
Discharge medication
Aspirin	389 (99.0%)	73 (97.3%)	316 (99.4%)	0.114
Clopidogrel	385 (98.0%)	72 (96.0%)	313 (98.4)	0.180
Ticagrelor	19 (4.8%)	5 (6.7%)	14 (4.4%)	0.411
Beta-blocker	346 (88.0%)	64 (85.3%)	282 (88.7%)	0.422
ACEI/ARB	359 (91.3%)	64 (85.3%)	295 (92.8%)	0.039
Statin	386 (98.2%)	75 (100.0%)	311 (97.8%)	0.195
Calcium channel blocker	89 (22.6%)	19 (25.3%)	70 (22.0%)	0.537
MACEs	66 (16.8%)	20 (26.7%)	46 (14.5%)	0.011
All-cause death	17 (4.3%)	9 (12.0%)	8 (2.5%)	<0.001
Cardiac death	11 (2.8%)	7 (9.3%)	4 (1.3%)	<0.001
Acute myocardial infarction	6 (1.5%)	3 (4.0%)	3 (0.9%)	0.052
Urgent revascularization	18 (4.6%)	3 (4.0%)	15 (4.7%)	0.789
Rehospitalization	29 (7.4%)	10 (13.3%)	19 (6.0%)	0.028
Cerebrovascular diseases	9 (2.3%)	2 (2.7%)	7 (2.2%)	0.808

Data are shown as , median (interquartile range), or number (%). ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CKMB: creatine kinase, MB isoenzyme; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HCT: hematocrit value; hsCRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MACEs: major adverse cardiovascular events; MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV: mean corpuscular volume; MI: myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-ST elevated myocardial infarction; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; RBC: red blood cell; RDW-CV: red cell volume distribution width-coefficient of variation; SBP: systolic blood pressure; STEMI: ST elevated myocardial infarction; UA: unstable angina.