Relationship of Admission Serum Anion Gap and Prognosis of Critically Ill Patients: A Large Multicenter Cohort Study
Table 1
Characteristics of the study subject.
Characteristics
Total ()
AG< 8 mmol/L ()
8 ≤ AG ≤ 16 mmol/L ()
AG> 16 mmol/L ()
Age> 65 years, (%)
4063 (47.7)
19 (45.2)
1446 (44.7)
2598 (49.6)
<0.001
Male, (%)
4671 (54.8)
21 (50.0)
1811 (55.9)
2839 (54.2)
0.238
Caucasian, (%)
6680 (78.4)
32 (76.2)
2569 (79.3)
4079 (77.8)
0.251
APACHE IV, median (IQR)
73 (55-94)
64 (45-80)
63 (47-81)
79 (61-102)
<0.001
Lactate (mmol/L), median (IQR)
2.0 (1.2-3.5)
1.5 (0.7-4.0)
1.5 (1.0-2.28)
2.3 (1.4-4.3)
<0.001
AG (mmol/L), median (IQR)
17.3 (14.5-20.5)
6.9 (6.3-7.6)
13.8 (12.3-15.0)
19.6 (17.7-22.6)
<0.001
Diseases (ICD-9 codes), (%)
Heart failure
762 (8.9)
5 (11.9)
307 (9.5)
450 (8.6)
0.299
Respiratory failure
3753 (44.0)
22 (52.4)
1487 (45.9)
2244 (42.8)
0.011
Renal failure
1347 (15.8)
6 (14.3)
287 (8.9)
1054 (20.1)
<0.001
Liver diseases
561 (6.6)
0 (0)
148 (4.6)
413 (7.9)
<0.001
Coagulopathy
395 (4.6)
2 (4.8)
120 (3.7)
273 (5.2)
0.006
Sepsis
2089 (24.5)
4 (9.5)
497 (15.3)
1588 (30.3)
<0.001
Shock
2538 (29.8)
10 (23.8)
666 (20.6)
1862 (35.5)
<0.001
Trauma
515 (6.0)
3 (7.1)
241 (7.4)
271 (5.2)
<0.001
Hypertension
791 (9.3)
5 (11.9)
388 (12.0)
398 (7.6)
<0.001
Diabetes mellitus
874 (10.3)
4 (9.5)
300 (9.3)
570 (10.9)
0.058
Treatment
Renal replacement therapy
145 (1.7)
0 (0)
13 (0.4)
132 (2.5)
<0.001
Mechanical ventilation
3729 (43.8)
21 (50.0)
1506 (46.5)
2202 (42.0)
<0.001
Mortalities, (%)
ICU mortality
1222 (14.3)
7 (16.7)
261 (8.1)
954 (18.2)
<0.001
Hospital mortality
1809 (21.2)
8 (19.0)
406 (12.5)
1395 (26.6)
<0.001
The difference between patients with ,, and . AG, anion gap; APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; ICD, international classification of diseases 9th edition; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.
