Relationship of Admission Serum Anion Gap and Prognosis of Critically Ill Patients: A Large Multicenter Cohort Study

Table 4

The association between serum AG and mortalities in patients stratified by serum lactate.

	AG< 8 mmol/L		8 ≤ AG ≤ 16 mmol/L		AG> 16 mmol/L
	OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)
Serum lactate < 2 mmol/L
ICU mortality
Model 1	2.733 (1.039-7.186)	0.042	1(ref)		1.492 (1.193-1.867)	<0.001
Model 2	2.896 (1.062-7.895)	0.038	1(ref)		1.151 (0.912-1.451)	0.236
Model 3	3.046 (1.117-8.304)	0.029	1(ref)		1.177 (0.926-1.497)	0.182
Hospital mortality
Model 1	1.986 (0.812-4.862)	0.133	1(ref)		1.701 (1.425-2.029)	<0.001
Model 2	2.016 (0.791-5.139)	0.142	1(ref)		1.345 (1.118-1.618)	0.002
Model 3	1.989 (0.782-5.063)	0.149	1(ref)		1.395 (1.153-1.686)	0.001
Serum lactate ≥ 2 mmol/L
ICU mortality
Model 1	1.991 (0.409-9.692)	0.394	1(ref)		2.382 (1.936-2.930)	<0.001
Model 2	1.598 (0.315-8.094)	0.571	1(ref)		1.906 (1.539-2.359)	<0.001
Model 3	1.535 (0.299-7.892)	0.608	1(ref)		1.902 (1.528-2.367)	<0.001
Hospital mortality
Model 1	1.274 (0.263-6.187)	0.763	1(ref)		2.393 (2.000-2.863)	<0.001
Model 2	1.004 (0.198-5.087)	0.997	1(ref)		1.918 (1.591-2.312)	<0.001
Model 3	0.978 (0.190-5.042)	0.979	1(ref)		1.870 (1.544-2.265)	<0.001

Model 1: unadjusted; model 2: adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, and APACHE IV score; model 3: adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, APACHE IV score, heart failure, respiratory failure, renal failure, liver diseases, coagulopathy, sepsis, trauma, shock, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. AG, anion gap; APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; OR, odds ratio.