Disease Markers

Research Article

Urinary RBP as an Independent Predictor of Renal Outcome in Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 1

Cox regression models for ESRD.


	Model1			Model2			Model3			Multivariate stepwise LR
	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p

Male	1.38	0.91-2.09	0.125	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.75	1.06-2.90	0.029
Age, years	0.99	0.96-1.01	0.328	—	—	—	—	—	—
BMI,kg/m²	0.93	0.89-0.98	0.011	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.92	0.87-0.97	0.010
SCr mg/dL	2.69	2.01-3.46	<0.001	2.76	2.12-3.58	<0.001	—	—	—	2.29	1.73-3.04	<0.001
UPCR, g/g	1.20	1.14-1.27	<0.001	1.24	1.18-1.32	<0.001	1.22	1.15-1.29	<0.001	1.20	1.12-1.29	<0.001
Urinary albumin, g/Mol.Cr	1.00	1.00-1.001	<0.001	1.001	1.001-1.001	<0.001	1.001	1.001-1.001	<0.001
Urinary IgG, g/Mol.Cr	1.01	1.00-1.01	<0.001	1.01	1.003-1.01	<0.001	1.005	1.003-1.007	<0.001
Urinary RBP, g/Mol.Cr	1.05	1.03-1.06	<0.001	1.05	1.03-1.07	<0.001	1.05	1.03-1.0	<0.001	1.06	1.03-1.10	0.001
Urinary β2-MG, g/Mol.Cr	1.17	1.10-1.25	<0.001	1.18	1.10-1.27	<0.001	1.06	0.98-1.14	0.157
Urinary NAG, U/Mol.Cr	1.20	1.10-1.30	<0.001	1.20	1.09-1.30	<0.001	1.22	1.11-1.33	<0.001
Hemoglobulin, mg/dL	0.76	0.69-0.83	<0.001	0.75	0.68-0.82	<0.001	0.82	0.74-0.91	0.001	0.88	0.79-0.98	0.017
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	1.13	1.01-1.27	0.041	1.19	1.05-1.35	0.007	1.19	1.05-1.34	0.005
LDL-C, mmol/L	1.08	0.92-1.26	0.359	1.10	0.94-1.30	0.237	0.13	0.96-1.32	0.141
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.46	0.96-2.22	0.078	1.34	0.84-2.13	0.225	1.76	1.09-2.84	0.022
Systolic BP, mmHg	1.01	1-1.02	0.042	1.01	1.002-1.02	0.019	1.01	1.001-1.02	0.025
Diastolic BP, mmHg	1.01	1-1.03	0.073	1.01	1.00-1.03	0.098	1.01	1.00-1.03	0.116

Model 1 was a univariate analysis for each indicator. Model 2 was adjusted for gender, age and BMI. Model 3 was adjusted for gender, age, BMI and SCr. Multivariate analysis included age, gender, BMI, SCr, UPCR, urinary microalbumin, urinary IgG, urinary RBP, urinary β2-MG, NAG, hemoglobulin, total cholesterol and systolic BP. SCr, Serum creatinine; UPCR, urinary protein to creatinine ratio; RBP, retinol-binding protein; β2-MG, β2-microglobulin; NAG, N-acetyl-ß-D-glycosaminidase. HDL-C, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BP, blood pressure.