Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells MDA-MB-231 via G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor- (GPER-) Dependent Signaling Pathway

Figure 2

The effects of Tan IIA on cell proliferation. (a) MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with different concentrations of Tan IIA for 24 h, 48 h, or 72 h, and cell proliferation was tested using CCK8 assay kits; cell inhibition - cell proliferation rate. represents values < 0.01 compared to 24 h of intervention, ## represents values < 0.01 compared to 0 μM Tan IIA, △△ represents values < 0.01 compared to 48 hours of intervention, and n.s represents no statistical difference compared to 48 hours of intervention. (b) Tan IIA did not affect proliferation of normal cells. (c) Addition of the specific GPER inhibitor G15 attenuated the inhibitory effect of Tan IIA on MDA-MB-231 cells. represents values < 0.01 compared to control, and ## represents values <0.01 compared to 10 μM Tan IIA. (d) MDA-MB-231 cell morphology under inverted microscope (magnification, ×200). Scale bar represents 100 μm. All results were presented as means of three independent . Each independent experiment was repeated six times.

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