Research Article
Prevalence and Severity of Depression and Its Association with Substance Use in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia
Table 3
Multivariate logistic regression analysis for the association of different variables with depression episode in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia (
).
| Variables | Categories | Total respondents (%) | Depression episodes (%) | AOR (95% CI) | values |
| Age | 18–24 | 183 (31.0) | 131 (31.0) | 1.00 | | 25–34 | 188 (31.9) | 188 (31.9) | 0.89 (0.46–1.73) | 0.732 | 35–44 | 102 (17.3) | 102 (17.3) | 1.55 (0.70–3.41) | 0.281 | 45–54 | 62 (10.5) | 62 (10.5) | 3.04 (1.24–7.41) | 0.015 | 55+ | 55 (9.3) | 55 (9.3) | 5.94 (2.26–15.58) | 0.000 |
| Sex | Male | 290 (49.2) | 290 (49.2) | 1.00 | | Female | 300 (50.9) | 300 (50.8) | 2.43 (1.43–4.13) | 0.001 |
| Marital status | Single | 242 (41.0) | 242 (41.0) | 1.00 | | Married | 312 (52.9) | 312 (52.9) | 0.75 (0.42–1.35) | 0.335 | Divorced | 16 (2.7) | 16 (2.7) | 1.49 (0.41–5.48) | 0.547 | Widowed | 20 (3.4) | 20 (3.4) | 5.18 (1.18–22.77) | 0.029 |
| Education | Illiterate | 45 (7.6) | 45 (7.6) | 9.06 (2.96–27.75) | 0.000 | Primary | 140 (23.7) | 140 (23.7) | 4.13 (1.70–10.08) | 0.002 | Secondary | 207 (35.1) | 207 (35.1) | 3.14 (1.38–7.12) | 0.006 | Certificate | 38 (6.4) | 38 (6.4) | 4.36 (1.41–13.43) | 0.010 | Diploma | 84 (14.2) | 84 (14.2) | 1.00 (0.37–2.74) | 1.000 | Degree+ | 76 (12.9) | 76 (12.9) | 1.00 | |
| Current khat chewing | Yes | 200 (33.9) | 104 (52%) | 10.07 (5.57–18.25) | 0.000 | No | 390 (66.1) | 67 (17.2%) | 1.00 | |
| Current cigarette smoking | Yes | 60 (10.2) | 38 (63.3%) | 3.15 (1.51–6.58) | 0.002 | No | 530 (89.8) | 133 (25.1%) | 1.00 | |
| Current alcohol intake | Yes | 203 (34.4) | 75 (36.9%) | 1.05 (0.63–1.76) | 0.856 | No | 387 (65.6) | 96 (24.8%) | 1.00 | |
| Current shisha use | Yes | 22 (3.7) | 15 (68.2%) | 3.04 (1.01–9.19) | 0.049 | No | 568 (96.3) | 156 (27.5%) | 1.00 | |
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1.00 = reference categories. All variables were adjusted to differentiate between predictors and confounders.
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