Antenatal and Postpartum Depression: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Adolescents’ in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Table 4

Comparison of risk factors for participants who had depression versus those who did not ().

Variables	Depression
	Depressed; No. 38	Not depressed; No. 288	value
Age	18.0 (17.0 - 19.0)	18.0 (17.0 - 19.0)	0.81
Number of people contributing to HH income	2.0 (1.0 - 2.0)	2.0 (1.0 - 3.0)	0.86
Highest education level			0.13
Primary	3 (7.9%)	6 (2.1%)
Junior	1 (2.6%)	11 (3.8%)
Secondary	34 (89.5%)	271 (94.1%)
Employed			1.0
No	37 (97.4%)	281 (97.6%)
Yes	1 (2.6%)	7 (2.4%)
Mother’s marital status			0.63
Single	20 (52.6%)	127 (44.1%)
Married	10 (26.3%)	91 (31.6%)
Other	8 (21.1%)	70 (24.3%)
Had abortion			0.55
No	34 (89.5%)	264 (91.7%)
Yes	4 (10.5%)	24 (8.3%)
Repeat pregnancies			0.83
No	30 (78.9%)	231 (80.2%)
Yes	8 (21.1%)	57 (19.8%)
HIV			0.37
No	29 (76.3%)	239 (83.0%)
Yes	9 (23.7%)	49 (17.0%)
Physical violence			0.0007
No	30 (78.9%)	276 (95.8%)
Yes	8 (21.1%)	12 (4.2%)
Sexual abuse			0.010
No	34 (89.5%)	278 (96.5%)
Yes	2 (5.3%)	10 (3.5%)
Do not wish to answer	2 (5.3%)	0 (0.0%)
Verbal abuse			0.002
No	27 (71.1%)	262 (91.0%)
Yes	11 (28.9%)	23 (8.0%)
Do not wish to answer	0 (0.0%)	3 (1.0%)
Intimate partner violence			0.027
No	33 (86.8%)	279 (96.9%)
Yes	4 (10.5%)	8 (2.8%)
Refuse to answer	1 (2.6%)	1 (0.3%)
Partner support			0.018
None	7 (18.4%)	16 (5.6%)
Little	2 (5.3%)	15 (5.2%)
Reasonable	16 (42.1%)	104 (36.1%)
A lot	13 (34.2%)	153 (53.1%)

All continuous values are reported with median and interquartile range, Med (IQR), while categories are reported in percentages, (%).