Research Article
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Antenatal Depression among Pregnant Women Attending Tertiary Care Hospitals in South India
Table 3
Bivariate and multivariate analyses of independent variables against antenatal depression.
| Variables | Crude odds ratio (COR) | CI (95%) | value | Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) | CI (95%) | value |
| Age in years | 0.013 | | 0.030 | 20-24 | 1.6 | 0.5 to 5.2 | 0.384 | 2.01 | 0.56 to 7.20 | 0.279 | 25-29 | 0.3 | 0.1 to 1.0 | 0.48 | 0.17 to 1.36 | 30-34 | 0.5 | 0.2 to 1.5 | 0.66 | 0.25 to 1.78 | 35-40 | Ref | | Ref | | | Education | Below secondary | 0.7 | 0.4 to 1.2 | 0.275 | 1.52 | 0.75 to 3.05 | 0.238 | Secondary and above | Ref | | Ref | | Occupation | Homemaker | 1.5 | 0.8 to 2.8 | 0.141 | 1.37 | 0.71 to 2.67 | 0.343 | Employed | Ref | | Ref | | Type of family | Nuclear | 0.8 | 0.4 to 1.3 | 0.426 | 0.74 | 0.41 to 1.33 | 0.322 | Joint | Ref | | Ref | | Monthly family income (in rupees) | | Less than 15,000 | 0.9 | 0.5 to 1.6 | 0.908 | 0.82 | 0.41 to 1.67 | 0.602 | 15,000 and above | Ref | | Ref | | Presence of health problems during the current pregnancy | Yes | 1.8 | 1.0 to 3.2 | 0.024 | 1.63 | 0.89 to 2.98 | 0.107 | No | Ref | | Ref | | Thyroid problem | Yes | 1.15 | 0.4 to 2.6 | 0.740 | 0.92 | 0.35 to 2.38 | 0.869 | No | Ref | | Ref | | History of psychiatric illness in the past | | Yes | 3.6 | 0.5 to 26.2 | 0.202 | 5.32 | 0.58 to 48.7 | 0.139 | No | Ref | | Ref | | Alcoholism in a spouse | | Yes | 0.5 | 0.2 to 1.4 | 0.219 | 0.44 | 0.14 to 1.32 | 0.144 | No | Ref | | Ref | | Parity | | Primigravida | 0.8 | 0.4 to 1.4 | 0.481 | 1.13 | 0.33 to 3.81 | 0.843 | Multigravida | Ref | | Ref | | Previous history of miscarriage | | Yes | 1.5 | 0.8 to 2.7 | 0.177 | 1.56 | 0.66 to 3.70 | 0.308 | No | Ref | | Ref | |
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