A 3D Offline Packing Algorithm considering Cargo Orientation and Stability

Table 5

The space utilization of each box in the packing scheme obtained by the 4 algorithms.

Type of data	Algorithm	The space utilization of each box (%)
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
BR1-1	Proposed algorithm	85.6	80.3	79.4	76.6	72.3	69.3	30.5	15.9
	Genetic algorithm	72.3	74.6	65.8	66.9	69.2	71.7	73.6
	Genetic simulated annealing algorithm	74.4	71.7	73.3	68.3	72.3	69.4	65.7
	Hierarchical heuristics algorithm	60.3	72.3	64.3	65.8	70.8	66.7	69.3
BR3-1	Proposed algorithm	83.2	73.6	79.2	72.3	72.3	41.3
	Genetic algorithm	63.3	60.7	59.9	62.3	60.3	63.9	60.1
	Genetic simulated annealing algorithm	73.6	72.9	62.2	72.3	70.0	70.8
	Hierarchical heuristics algorithm	65.3	67.9	59.1	70.2	68.3	68.7	21.3
BR5-10	Proposed algorithm	85.3	83.9	80.3	81.3	76.4	74.5	12.3	58.4
	Genetic algorithm	64.3	61.7	58.2	65.3	61.2	62.8	61.1
	Genetic simulated annealing algorithm	72.3	70.6	69.7	73.4	69.3	68.8	67.0	30.6
	Hierarchical heuristics algorithm	63.5	69.2	66.9	64.1	68.3	64.4	65.9