Antioxidant and Protective Effect of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Podophyllum hexandrum Rhizome on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Rat Liver Injury

Table 2

Effect of treatment of ethyl acetate extract of P. hexandrum on glutathione and antioxidant enzymes in CCl₄ challenged rats.

Parameters	Group I (olive oil only)	Group II CCl4 treated	Group III CCl4 + V.E	Group IV CCl4 + 20 mg/kg extract	Group V CCl4 + 30 mg/kg extract	Group VI CCl4 + 50 mg/kg extract
Reduced glutathione (nm/g protein)	103.94±6.03	25.14±2.59^$	87.40±1.54^$#	56.65±3.40^$#@	77.60±1.85^$#@	85.24±3.87^$#NS
Glutathione reductase (μg GSSG utilized/minute/mg protein)	32.59±2.10	2.30±0.30^$	25.44±3.06^$#	15.36±1.47^$#@	19.65±1.00^$#@	24.55±1.22^$#NS
Glutathione peroxidase (μg GSH utilized/minute/mg protein)	35.48±2.42	3.20±0.77^$	28.57±1.54^$#	11.75±1.30^$#@	18.17±0.31^$#@	28.57±1.54^$#NS
Superoxide dismutase (units/mg protein)	35.41±0.65	17.16±1.50^$	27.75±1.57^$#	24.96±0.54^$#@	27.81±0.94^$#b	28.40±2.47^$#NS
Glutathione-S-transferase (nmoles of CDNB conjugated/min/mg protein)	15.22±0.69	4.98±0.49^$	11.94±1.13^$#	7.60±1.06^$#@	9.95±0.43^$#@	12.70±0.57^$#NS

Each value represents the mean ± S.D. of 6 animals. ^$; 𝑃<.001, as compared with normal control group, ^#; 𝑃<.001 as compared with CCl₄ group, ^@; 𝑃<.001 as compared with V.E, NS; nonsignificant as compared with V.E, b; does not test as compared with V.E. The data were presented as means ± S.D. of six parallel measures and evaluated by one way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni 𝑡-test to detect inter group differences. Differences were considered to be statistically significant if 𝑃<.05.