Chlorin e6 Prevents ADP-Induced Platelet Aggregation by Decreasing PI3K-Akt Phosphorylation and Promoting cAMP Production

Figure 7

Effects of CE6 on intracellular cAMP concentrations. Washed platelets (3×10⁸/mL) were stirred with vehicle (DMSO) or CE6 (at the indicated concentrations), forskolin, or IBMX in an aggregometer and stimulated with 10 𝜇M ADP for 5 min. cAMP levels were then measured with an immunoassay as described in Section 2. CE6 significantly increased cAMP accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner (a). Co-incubation with CE6 and forskolin but not IBMX synergistically increased cAMP levels (b). The results are presented as the mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.005 compared to the negative control. ^#𝑃<0.05, ^##𝑃<0.01, and ^###𝑃<0.001 compared to the ADP-activated control. NS: not significant.

(a)

(b)

(c)