Renal Protective Role of Xiexin Decoction with Multiple Active Ingredients Involves Inhibition of Inflammation through Downregulation of the Nuclear Factor-𝜅B Pathway in Diabetic Rats

Figure 4

Effects of Xiexin decoction on renal inflammation factor and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) expression in diabetic rats. (a)–(c) Western blot analysis of protein levels; (d)–(f) Real-time PCR analysis of mRNA levels; (g)–(h) Quantification by ELISA. NC: normal control; DM: diabetic model control; XXDL: XXD extract 1.25 g/kg; XXDH: XXD extract 2.5 g/kg; losartan 10 mg/kg and metformin 100 mg/kg. NC and DM were treated with normal saline. All the rats were administered via intragastric gavage once time each day for 12 weeks. ICAM-1: intercellular adhesion molecule-1; MCP-1: monocyte chemotactic protein-1; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6: interleukin-6. Data are expressed as mean ± SD ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01 as compared with DM.

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