Redox Mechanisms of AVS022, an Oriental Polyherbal Formula, and Its Component Herbs in Protection against Induction of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 in UVA-Irradiated Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells

Figure 5

Inhibition of UVA-dependent GSH loss in HaCaT cells by the whole formula (a) and individual component herbs (b) of AVS022 and GA (c). GSH level was detected by fluorescence intensity of the GSH-OPA adduct at 350 nm excitation and 420 nm emission as described in Section 2. The statistical significance of differences between the control and irradiated cells was evaluated by Student’s 𝑡-test and between UVA-irradiated and herb extracts- or GA-treated cells by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. ^###𝑃<0.001 compared with irradiated cells. *𝑃<0.05; **𝑃<0.01; ***𝑃<0.001 compared with nontreated cells exposed to UVA.