Research Article
The Relationship between Stasis-Stagnation Constitution and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Table 2
Logistic regression model: odds ratios for risk factors in peripheral arterial disease (
).
| | | Crude OR
(95% CI) | Age- and sex-adjusted OR
(95% CI) | Fully adjusted model‡ OR
(95% CI) |
| | Age | 1.04 (1.01–1.07)** | | 1.04 (1.00–1.07)* | | Sex | | | | | Female | 1.00
(reference) | | 1.00 (reference) | | Male | 1.49 (0.83–2.65) | | 1.27 (0.60–2.69) | | Diabetes duration | 1.07 (1.03–1.11)** | 1.05 (1.02–1.10)** | 1.06 (1.01–1.10)** | | Current smoking | | | | | No | 1.00
(reference) | 1.00
(reference) | 1.00
(reference) | | Yes | 2.00 (1.05–3.84)* | 2.77 (1.28–6.01)** | 3.14 (1.33–7.39)** | | Systolic blood pressure | 1.02 (1.01–1.04)** | 1.02 (1.00–1.04)* | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | | Body mass index | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | 1.08 (1.00–1.17)* | 1.05 (0.96–1.14) | | Hemoglobin A1C | 1.16 (0.97–1.40) | 1.18 (0.98–1.41) | 1.02 (0.82–1.27) | | Total cholesterol | 1.01 (1.00-1.01) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02)* | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | | Triglyceride | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | | HDL cholesterol | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | | LDL cholesterol | 1.01 (1.00-1.01) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02)* | 1.01 (0.98–1.03) | | hs-CRP | 1.33 (1.09–1.62)** | 1.32 (1.10–1.58)** | 1.29 (1.08–1.54)** | | Creatinine | 1.40 (1.00–1.96) | 1.32 (0.99–1.75) | 1.06 (0.76–1.47) | | Uric acid | 1.24 (1.07–1.43)** | 1.19 (1.02–1.38)* | 1.08 (0.91–1.29) | | ACR | | | | | Normoalbuminuria | 1.00
(reference) | 1.00
(reference) | 1.00
(reference) | | Microalbuminuria | 2.42 (1.23–4.76)* | 2.05 (1.03–4.09)* | 1.40 (0.67–2.92) | | Macroalbuminuria | 4.31 (2.07–8.99)** | 3.90 (1.86–8.20)** | 1.69 (0.68–4.20) | | Yu-Zhi score | 1.16 (1.06–1.26)** | 1.15 (1.05–1.26)** | 1.10 (1.00–1.21)* |
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OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; ACR: urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio.
Significant at . Significant at .
Covariates in the fully adjusted model were age, sex, diabetes duration, smoking, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, hs-CRP, creatinine, uric acid, ACR, and Yu-Zhi score.
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