Bufalin Induces Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis in Pancreatic and Oral Cancer Cells by Downregulating hTERT Expression via Activation of the JNK/p38 Pathway

Figure 2

Bufalin downregulates hTERT expression in CAPAN-2 and CAL-27 cells. CAPAN-2 and CAL-27 cells were treated with bufalin at the indicated concentrations for the indicated times. (a) The hTERT mRNA expression determined by qRT-PCR. Data were normalized to β-actin and expressed as fold change relative to the untreated control. (b) The hTERT protein expression determined by western blot. Data were normalized to GAPDH. (c) The telomerase activity determined by the telomerase PCR enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (d) The protein levels of p-JNK, JNK, p-p38, and p38 determined by western blot. The activation of JNK and p38 was assessed by the p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 ratios, respectively. , versus control (0 nM). , versus control group (0 h).

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