Artisanal Extraction and Traditional Knowledge Associated with Medicinal Use of Crabwood Oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet.) in a Peri-Urban Várzea Environment in the Amazon Estuary

Table 2

Studies reporting actions of crabwood oil and its components in various biological processes.

Studies	Origin of the oil	Results
Penido et al. (2005) [34]	Brasmazon, Pará, Brazil	Anti-inflammatory action in the fraction of oil rich in tetranortriterpenoids
Ambrozin et al., (2006) [35]	Commercial oil bought in the city of Belém	Moderate insecticidal action on Atta sexdens rubropilosa
Ferraris et al. (2012) [36]	Gedunin (limonoid present in crabwood oil) with 95% purity, from the “Laboratório de produto natural Farmanguinhos”	Antiallergic action of the substance gedunin, present in crabwood oil
de Souza Chagas et al. (2012) [37]	WNF Industry and Comerce Ltd.	Not effective in combating the tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus at the dilutions used in the study.
Farias et al. (2012) [38]	Beraca Sabará Químicos e Ingredientes, São Paulo/Brazil, Lot 05083140ST	Potential in control of ticks R. (B.) microplus, A. nitens, and R. sanguineus, by interfering with reproduction.
Vendramini et al. (2012) [39]	Farmácia de Manipulação, Drogaria e Homeopatia Art.-Fármacos, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.	Potential acaricide for Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Prophiro et al. (2012) [40]	Seed extract	Showed insecticide action for Aedes aegypti
de Barros et al. (2012) [41]	Beraca, Sabará, São Paulo, Brazil.	Potential in control of cat louse (Felicola subrostratus)
Miranda Júnior et al. (2012) [42]	Artisanal oil obtained in the lab, using doughs from the community of Alto Tocantins.	Antiplasmodial activity, of both the oil and the fraction rich in limonoids.