Autophagy Protects from Raddeanin A-Induced Apoptosis in SGC-7901 Human Gastric Cancer Cells

Figure 2

(a) After being treated with 8 μM of RA for 12 h, cells were harvested and observed by TEM. TEM of autophagosome in SGC-7901 cells treated with RA (10,000x). (b) The enlarged high resolution images of the square areas were shown (50,000x). The arrow points to a typical autophagosome with a bilayer membrane structure. (c) Western blotting analysis showed the levels of autophagy related proteins. After cells were treated with 0, 4, 8, and 16 μM of RA for 12 h, the protein levels of LC3, Beclin-1, ATG3, ATG5, and ATG7 were determined by western blotting. (d) Western blotting analysis showed the levels of MAPK pathway and mTOR pathway. After cells were treated with 0, 4, 8, and 16 μM of RA for 12 h, the protein levels of p-p38, p-ERK, mTOR, and p-mTOR were determined by western blotting.

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