Traditional Mongolian, Traditional Chinese, and Western Medicine Hospitals: System Review and Patient Survey on Expectations and Perceptions of Quality of Healthcare in Inner Mongolia, China
Table 3
Demographic characteristics of study sample (N=1,322).
WM (N=333)
TCM (N=331)
TMM (N=658)
Gentle
Male
119 (35.7)
116 (35.1)
255 (38.8)
Female
214 (64.3)
215 (64.9)
403 (61.2)
Age (mean, SD)
32.2 (21.2)
31.9 (21.0)
34.3 (22.5)
Nationality
Han
282 (84.7)
297 (89.7)
518 (78.7)
Mongolian
44 (13.2)
23 (6.9)
131 (19.9)
Others
7 (2.1)
11 (3.3)
9 (1.4)
Completed education level
Primary school or less
111 (33.4)
122 (36.9)
280 (42.6)
Secondary school
110 (33.0)
119 (36.0)
236 (35.9)
Diploma or higher
112 (33.6)
90 (27.1)
142 (21.5)
Marital status
Single
137 (41.1)
123 (37.2)
237 (36.0)
Married
180 (54.1)
194 (58.6)
401 (60.9)
Others
16 (4.8)
14 (4.2)
20 (3.1)
Occupational group
None
161 (48.3)
183 (55.3)
332 (50.5)
Private
88 (26.5)
91 (27.5)
208 (31.6)
Public
84 (25.2)
57 (17.2)
118 (17.9)
Insurance status
None
17 (5.1)
33 (10.0)
53 (8.1)
UEBMIS
112 (33.6)
70 (21.1)
156 (23.7)
URBMIS
73 (21.9)
99 (29.9)
142 (21.6)
NRCMIS
96 (28.9)
105 (31.7)
275 (41.8)
Others
35 (10.5)
24 (7.3)
32 (4.8)
Monthly family income
None
66 (19.8)
126 (38.1)
150 (22.8)
≤ 4000
149 (44.8)
143 (43.2)
377 (57.3)
> 4000
118 (35.4)
62 (18.7)
131 (19.9)
Area of residence
Local
226 (67.9)
279 (84.3)
565 (85.9)
Not Local
107 (32.1)
52 (15.7)
93 (14.1)
Registered area of residence
Urban
214 (64.3)
202 (61.0)
354 (53.8)
Rural
114 (34.2)
125 (37.8)
239 (36.3)
Pasturelands
5 (1.5)
4 (1.2)
65 (9.9)
Disease/health problem
Cardiovascular and blood
87 (26.1)
81 (24.5)
166 (25.2)
Musculoskeletal and injuries
74 (22.2)
81 (24.5)
173 (26.3)
Genitourinary system and gestation
55 (16.5)
67 (20.2)
115 (17.5)
Respiratory system
68 (20.4)
46 (13.9)
86 (13.1)
Other
33 (9.9)
15 (4.5)
28 (4.3)
Digestive system
3 (0.9)
17 (5.1)
24 (3.6)
Eyes, ears, and skin
4 (1.2)
3 (0.9)
29 (4.4)
Metabolism, nervous system, and mental health problems
4 (1.2)
16 (4.8)
11 (1.7)
Cancer
3 (0.9)
4 (1.2)
20 (3.0)
Newborn and congenital anomaly
0 (0.0)
1 (0.3)
4 (0.6)
Infectious diseases
2 (0.6)
0 (0.0)
2 (0.3)
Symptoms
Fever / Cough
77 (23.2)
62 (18.7)
80 (12.2)
Pain
124 (37.2)
110 (33.1)
268 (40.7)
Palpitations
28 (8.4)
23 (6.9)
53 (8.1)
Others
84 (25.2)
118 (35.7)
220 (33.4)
None
20 (6.0)
18 (5.4)
37 (5.6)
Repeat symptom
Yes
165 (49.5)
177 (53.5)
292 (44.4)
No
168 (50.5)
154 (46.5)
366 (55.6)
Duration of symptoms
≤3 days
105 (31.5)
120 (36.3)
222 (33.7)
4-30 days
133 (39.9)
120 (36.3)
252 (38.3)
>30 days
95 (28.6)
91 (27.4)
184 (28.0)
Reason for choosing hospital
Distance
75 (22.5)
80 (24.2)
233 (35.4)
Finance
16 (4.8)
22 (6.6)
38 (5.8)
Quality
210 (63.1)
172 (52.0)
309 (46.9)
Attitude/Trust/Others
32 (9.6)
57 (17.2)
78 (11.9)
Patient status
New patient
224 (67.3)
178 (53.8)
444 (67.5)
Established patient
109 (32.7)
153 (46.2)
214 (32.5)
Relative to the hospital where the patient sought treatment. WM: Western medicine; TCM: Traditional Chinese medicine; TMM: Traditional Mongolian medicine. UEBMIS: Urban Employees Basic Medical Insurance System; URBMIS: Urban Residence Basic Medical Insurance System; NRCMIS: New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance System; SD: standard deviation.
