Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Graves’ Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics and quality of the included randomized controlled trials.

Study	Country	N (Case:	Intervention		Age		Duration	Main	Jadad
(reference number)		Control)	Case	Control	(years)	female	in months	Outcome; measures	scores
Tang et al. [21], 2017	China	241(121/120)	MMI 20 mg/d + Selenious yeast tablet 200 ug/d	MMI 20 mg/d	28	75	9	FT3, FT4, TSH, TRAb	2
Fu et al. [22], 2017	China	60 (30/30)	MMI 15-30 mg/d + Selenious yeast tablet 300 ug/d	MMI 15-30 mg/d	38	58	6	TRAb	2
Kahaly et al. [23], 2017	Germany	61 (29/32)	MMI 10 mg/d + Sodium selenite 300 ug/d	MMI 10 mg/d +placebo	45	27	9	FT3, FT4, TSH, TRAb	5
Leo et al. [20], 2016	Italy	30 (15/15)	MMI 5-30 mg/d + L-selenomethionine 166 ug/d	MMI 5-30 mg/d	40	90	3	FT3, FT4,	3
Wang et al. [24], 2016	China	41 (21/20)	MMI 18 mg/d + Sodium selenite 200 ug/d	MMI 18 mg/d	38	82	6	FT3, FT4, TSH, TRAb	2
Gong et al. [25], 2015	China	80 (40/40)	MMI 15-30 mg/d + Selenious yeast tablet 200 ug/d	MMI 15-30 mg/d	36	56	6	FT3, FT4, TSH, TRAb	2
Calissendorff et al. [26], 2015	Sweden	38 (19/19)	MMI 30 mg/d + Selenious yeast tablet 200 ug/d	MMI 30 mg/d +placebo	39	82	9	FT3, FT4, TSH, TRAb	5
Lai et al. [27], 2014	China	120 (60/60)	MMI 5-30 mg/d + Selenious yeast tablet 100 ug/d	MMI 5-30 mg/d	40	77	3	FT3, FT4, TSH, TRAb	3
Du et al. [28], 2014	China	70 (38/32)	MMI 20 mg/d + Selenious yeast tablet 150 ug/d	MMI 20 mg/d	36	59	6	FT3, FT4, TSH	2
Wang et al. [29], 2013	China	55 (30/25)	MMI 20 mg/d + Selenious yeast tablet 200 ug/d	MMI 20 mg/d	37	27	6	FT3, FT4	2

MMI: methylimidazole; FT4: free thyroxine; FT3: free triiodothyronine; TRAb: thyrotrophic hormone receptor antibody; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone.